




Facts
Disturbingly, there are reports of schoolchildren as young as eight to 10 years old abusing Rohypnol, primarily because it is cheap and relatively easy to obtain. Children who use the drug most often dissolve it in soft drinks for a faster effect. Many of them are obtaining the drug from peers their own age. According to the ONDCP, some established drug dealers seek out school-aged children to sell Rohypnol pills. The dealer sells the pills to the child at a "wholesale" price of about $1 apiece. The child then sells the tablets to friends for $2 to $3 apiece. By targeting children in this way, drug dealers not only make money, but they broaden the potential market for other drugs such as marijuana and cocaine later on. They also increase the chance that the juvenile who is able to make fast money from selling Rohypnol will be willing to continue to sell that drug or other drugs for years to their classmates. MDMA was developed in Germany in 1912 and patented in 1914 by the German pharmaceutical company Merck. It does not appear to have been specifically created for any particular use, but rather, resulted from another drug development procedure. There is practically no historical mention of the drug again until the 1950s, when the United States army experimented with it as an agent of psychological warfare. As a result of therapeutic drug experiments in the late 1960s and early 1970s, people began to use MDMA recreationally because they liked the feelings of well being and openness it produced, and by psychotherapists who gave the drug to their patients to enhance therapy as a "penicillin for the soul." Presumably it was around this time MDMA picked up the name ecstasy, which comes from the Greek ekstasis meaning "flight of soul from body." Ecstasy production and use was not regulated in any way until 1985, when concerns about widespread use prompted the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to initiate medical reviews of the drug. The drug was given Schedule I status, meaning it has no accepted medical utility. Its use is now illegal in the United States. Users of methamphetamine sometimes take sedatives such as benzodiazepines as a means of easing their "come down". The problem of substance use is more pronounced among adolescents in contact with the juvenile justice system. Recent survey results among youthful arrestees provide evidence of illegal drug use. For example, more than half of juvenile male arrestees tested positive for at least one drug; marijuana was the most frequently detected drug. 60 to 87 percent of female offenders need substance abuse treatment. Among youthful arrestees, marijuana use increased from 25% in 1991 to 62% in 1999; it appears to have become the drug of choice among youth who get in trouble with law enforcement, nearly at the height of the drug war, 31 out of every 100,000 youth were admitted to state prisons for drug offenses'; by 1996, that figure had jumped to 122 per 100,000 youth, representing a 291 percent increase in one decade. Consistent with national trends, the state of California has significant problems providing drug treatment for youth offenders because there are not enough available treatment slots. In fact, the California Youth Authority indicated that 60-75% its wards are at risk of developing substance abuse problems. Several publications cite the effectiveness of drug treatment in reducing drug use and decreasing criminal activity during and after treatment. |
Detox
Detox is necessary when an individual through their chronic use of drugs or alcohol has developed an addiction. The objective of detox is to help the individual achieve a drug and alcohol free state. Detox is intended to relieve the physical symptoms of withdrawal and helps prepare the individual for entry into drug rehabilitation. Therefore, the ultimate goal of detox is preparation for long term recovery from drug and alcohol addiction.
Residential Treatment
Residential treatment offers intensive drug addiction help over a period of weeks or months. This form of treatment has some advantages over out-patient treatment, although it may not be suitable for everyone. For example, those who are responsible for caring for young children may be better suited to attendance at an out patient treatment program. Residential treatment offers a safe, drug and alcohol-free environment where individuals can confront their own drug addiction and associated issues, with the help of qualified staff. Therapy usually consists of a mixture of group counseling, individual counseling and an introduction to the principles of a drug recovery program.
Alcoholism
Alcoholism, also known as "alcohol dependence," is a condition that includes craving and continued alcohol abuse despite repeated drinking-related problems, such as losing a job or getting into trouble with the law. It includes four major areas: Craving: - A strong need, or compulsion, to drink. Impaired control: -The inability to limit one's drinking on any given occasion. Physical dependence: -Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety, when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heavy drinking. Tolerance: - The need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to feel its effects.
Addict
An addict is an individual who has a compulsive urge to use drugs, to the point where they feel they have no effective choice but to continue use. An addict will continue their self destructive behaviors in order to feel good or to avoid
feeling bad. It can dominate their mind, and keep them coming back for more. The addiction can be
different for each addict, depending on their vice and the kind of person they
are.
Relapse
Relapse is a term used to describe when an individual who has quit using drugs starts using once again. A relapse can mean just a one time use, a long term continues period of using or anything in between after a period of sobriety has taken place. An individual begins to experience a psychological relapse long before their first use after
quitting. Some things that can lead to relapse both physically or psychologically include: 1. Being in the presence of drugs or alcohol, drug or alcohol users, or places where you used or bought chemicals. 2. Feelings we perceive as negative, particularly anger; also sadness, loneliness, guilt, fear, and anxiety. 3. Positive feelings that make you want to celebrate by using. 4. Listening to others past drug use stories and just dwelling on getting high. 5. Believing that you no longer have to worry (complacent). That is, that you are no longer stimulated to crave drugs/alcohol by any of the above situations or by anything else – and therefore maybe it’s safe for you to use occasionally.
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