




Fox Farm-college, Wyoming
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Facts
Tolerance refers to a state in which the drug user becomes less sensitive to the drug's effects over time. The user must take larger amounts of the drug to produce the desired effect. Tolerance comes about because of physiological changes in the nervous system, but it is also strongly influenced by learning. This means that the user has learned to perform certain tasks while under the influence of the drug. For example, a drug that when first used makes the user sleepy will no longer have that effect after the drug has been used for a while. The individual is said to tolerate the drug because certain normal activities, such as household chores or work-related activities, can be performed even while the individual is under the influence of the drug. Furthermore, tolerance to some effects of a drug does not mean tolerance to all effects of a drug. As a user increases the dose to continue to achieve what he or she perceives as the original pleasurable effects of the drug, the chance for other dangerous side effects may also be increased at the higher dose. Statistics show that at .08, a driver is three times more likely to be involved in a crash than a sober driver and 11 times more likely to be killed in a single-car accident. So if you're like me, you've always wondered just how much alcohol it takes to reach .08. This week, I found out. To reach .08, a 170-pound male would have to drink four or more alcoholic beverages in an hour on an empty stomach. A 137-pound female would need to consume three drinks in an hour. A drink is considered a 12-ounce beer, a 5-ounce glass of wine or a cocktail containing 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor. All states and the District of Columbia now have 21-year-old minimum drinking age laws. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that these laws have reduced traffic fatalities involving drivers 18 to 20 years old by 13% and have saved an estimated 17,359 lives since 1975. Premature Deaths. In 1992, there were an estimated 107,400 alcohol-related deaths in the United States. Many of the alcohol-related deaths were among people between the ages of 20 and 40. However, long-term, heavy drinking is also involved in numerous premature deaths among the older population. Total costs attributed to alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes were estimated to be $24.7 billion. |
Dependence
Dependence is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences which can be severe; drug dependence is simply excessive use of a drug or use of a drug for purposes for which it was not medically intended. Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that don't cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (cocaine withdrawal, for example, it does not have symptoms like vomiting and chills; it is mainly characterized by depression).
Residential Treatment
Residential treatment offers intensive drug addiction help over a period of weeks or months. This form of treatment has some advantages over out-patient treatment, although it may not be suitable for everyone. For example, those who are responsible for caring for young children may be better suited to attendance at an out patient treatment program. Residential treatment offers a safe, drug and alcohol-free environment where individuals can confront their own drug addiction and associated issues, with the help of qualified staff. Therapy usually consists of a mixture of group counseling, individual counseling and an introduction to the principles of a drug recovery program.
Abstinence
Abstinence is the act or practice of refraining from indulging a desire. The type of abstinence we are referring to here is abstinence from drugs and alcohol. This term has two connotations when it comes to abstaining from drugs. The first refers to drug or alcohol treatment programs that aim to help an individual stop using drugs or alcohol for the rest of their lives. The time abstinence is also used in drug education and prevention. It refers to trying to stop children from ever using drugs.
Detox
Detox is necessary when an individual through their chronic use of drugs or alcohol has developed an addiction. The objective of detox is to help the individual achieve a drug and alcohol free state. Detox is intended to relieve the physical symptoms of withdrawal and helps prepare the individual for entry into drug rehabilitation. Therefore, the ultimate goal of detox is preparation for long term recovery from drug and alcohol addiction.
Drug Overdose
A drug overdose occurs when you consume more drugs than your body can tolerate. Drug users are constantly flirting with the risk of a drug overdose. There is a
fine line between the high they're seeking and serious injury or death. While many victims of drug overdose recover without long term effects, there
can be serious consequences. Some drug overdoses cause the failure of major
organs like the kidneys or liver, or failure of whole systems like the
respiratory or circulatory systems. Patients who survive drug overdose may need
kidney dialysis, kidney or liver transplant, or ongoing care as a result of
heart failure, stroke, or coma. Death can occur in almost any drug overdose
situation, particularly if treatment is not started immediately.
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