Facts
In 1968-1969, Hong Kong syndicate chemists opened a cluster of heroin laboratories at the epicenter of the Golden Triangle. Controlled by the Nationalist Chinese generals in Thailand and the Commander of the Royal Lao Army, these laboratories produced substantial quantities of 90 percent pure heroin. Cocaine is a powerful drug that can be snorted, injected when dissolved in water, ingested, or smoked as crack. It is often referred to as coke, snow, flake, blow, or other terms. Cocaine is highly addictive and dangerous. According to the NIDA about eight percent of high-school seniors have used cocaine. The 1998 “Monitoring the Future Study,” a national survey commissioned by the National Institute of Drug Abuse and implemented by the Institute of Social Research shows that 8th, 10th and 12th graders are all much more likely to have used alcohol in the past 30 days, or the past year, than they are to have smoked marijuana or used any other illicit drug. In 1998, 44% of 8th graders, 63% of 10th graders, and 74% of 12th graders experimented with alcohol. This compares to the 17% of 8th graders, 31% of 10th graders and 38% of 12th graders who experimented with marijuana. The consumption of ecstasy generally takes place in social settings, such as parties, and users enjoy the drug for its effects of sociability and extroversion. Some ecstasy users report welcoming people from different religious backgrounds and lifestyles, with whom they otherwise would not associate, while others report feeling as if they love and are loved by everyone around them. In this sense, ecstasy users see the social consequences of drug use to be extremely positive and part of the reason for taking the drug in the first place. This drug-induced arousal can lead to unintended sexual encounters and unsafe sex practices that the user not engage in if not under the influence of ecstasy. The social nature of ecstasy use and feelings of safety and comfort associated with the drug contribute to the consumption of other drugs as well. When a group of peers takes ecstasy together and part of the group decides to take either more ecstasy or some other drug, there is a very good chance that everyone in the group will do the same, trusting their peers not to steer them wrong. |
Sobriety
Sobriety means the moderation in or abstinence from consumption of alcoholic liquor or use of drugs. When an individual with an addiction problem enters drug rehabilitation, their main goal is to attain long term sobriety. Unfortunately, sometimes drug addicts and alcoholics find they are able to sustain short periods of sobriety followed by a drug or alcohol relapse. This is why attending a drug or alcohol rehab will help the individual maintain their focus on sobriety. Often, it is only by getting help that individuals with severe drug addiction problems are able to achieve lasting sobriety.
Addiction
Addiction is one of the many consequences of so-called 'casual' drug and alcohol abuse. A loss of control over drugs and alcohol can be driven by physical or psychological factors, or sometimes both. Physical addiction takes place when the body comes to need a drug to function normally. If it is not taken, unpleasant withdrawal symptoms occur. The only way to avoid this is to take more of the drug. Psychological addiction takes place when an individual comes to rely on a drug to supply good feelings, such as relaxation, self-confidence, self esteem, and freedom from anxiety. This is not just a casual desire, it's a powerful compulsion.
Drug Abuse
Drug abuse is defined as the chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Drug abuse is a problem which has an effect on people of all income levels,
ages, and stations in life. Quite often the last person to see that there is a
problem is the drug abuser them self. Every year, more and more people become
drug addicts in their pursuit to get "high".
Tolerance
Tolerance to a drug takes place when an individual is exposed to the same drug repeatedly and begins to build up an resistance to the drugs effects. The body then adapts and develops a tolerance for the drug. The addiction that is produced is so powerful that it creates cravings in the user. These cravings for the drug are the result of its impact on the individual's memory with feelings of pleasantness and euphoria which the individual has come to associate with the taking of the drug.
Dependence
Dependence is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences which can be severe; drug dependence is simply excessive use of a drug or use of a drug for purposes for which it was not medically intended. Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that don't cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (cocaine withdrawal, for example, it does not have symptoms like vomiting and chills; it is mainly characterized by depression).
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