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Current marijuana abuse declined 18.1 percent, from 16.6 to 13.6 percent; past-year abuse also declined 13.7 percent, from 27.5 to 23.7 percent; and lifetime abuse declined 11.2 percent, from 35.3 to 31.3 percent. In the past two years, students perceived risk of abusing marijuana increased markedly; the proportion of teens reporting that it would be easy for them to get the drug has also declined. 1.5 million United States residents are believed to use cocaine at least once per month – a number that has remained relatively unchanged over the past decade. The sale of two legal recreational drugs, alcohol and tobacco, is pro- hibited for those under 18 (for tobacco) and under 21 (for alcohol). Use of these drugs by adolescents far exceeds their use of marijuana which is illegal for all regardless of age. Of high school tenth graders (usually 15 to 16 years old), nearly 28 percent have smoked cigarettes and 39 percent have used alcohol in the past month—in contrast, 19 percent have smoked marijuana. Among younger students, use of alcohol and nicotine is also substantially higher than marijuana use. Of eighth graders, 23 percent drank and 19 percent smoked during the past month—in contrast, 10 percent have smoked marijuana. Marijuana, or the plant Cannabis sativa, has been used as a medicine, as a part of religious ceremonies, and even as a fiber for making clothing, rope, and paper for many thousands of years. It has also been used RECREATIONALLY in many cultures, both ancient and modern. Still, its effects on the brain and body are not yet completely understood. Scientists differ on how to classify the drug: Is it a hallucinogen like LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), a narcotic like opium, or does it belong in a class by itself? (Entries on LSD and opium are included in this encyclopedia.) To further confuse matters, some scientists call marijuana a stimulant, or a substance that makes the brain and body more active, and some call it a depressant, or a substance that slows down brain and body processes. Whatever its properties, ORGANIC—or plant-derived—marijuana is illegal to possess or sell as a recreational substance. |
Addiction
Addiction is one of the many consequences of so-called 'casual' drug and alcohol abuse. A loss of control over drugs and alcohol can be driven by physical or psychological factors, or sometimes both. Physical addiction takes place when the body comes to need a drug to function normally. If it is not taken, unpleasant withdrawal symptoms occur. The only way to avoid this is to take more of the drug. Psychological addiction takes place when an individual comes to rely on a drug to supply good feelings, such as relaxation, self-confidence, self esteem, and freedom from anxiety. This is not just a casual desire, it's a powerful compulsion.
Tolerance
Tolerance to a drug takes place when an individual is exposed to the same drug repeatedly and begins to build up an resistance to the drugs effects. The body then adapts and develops a tolerance for the drug. The addiction that is produced is so powerful that it creates cravings in the user. These cravings for the drug are the result of its impact on the individual's memory with feelings of pleasantness and euphoria which the individual has come to associate with the taking of the drug.
Dependence
Dependence is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences which can be severe; drug dependence is simply excessive use of a drug or use of a drug for purposes for which it was not medically intended. Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that don't cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (cocaine withdrawal, for example, it does not have symptoms like vomiting and chills; it is mainly characterized by depression).
Sobriety
Sobriety means the moderation in or abstinence from consumption of alcoholic liquor or use of drugs. When an individual with an addiction problem enters drug rehabilitation, their main goal is to attain long term sobriety. Unfortunately, sometimes drug addicts and alcoholics find they are able to sustain short periods of sobriety followed by a drug or alcohol relapse. This is why attending a drug or alcohol rehab will help the individual maintain their focus on sobriety. Often, it is only by getting help that individuals with severe drug addiction problems are able to achieve lasting sobriety.
Intervention
An intervention is when a group of loved ones and/or a trained intervention counselor meets with the person in need of help for the purpose of breaking down their denial and motivating them to immediately seek drug addiction treatment. Often, individuals in the midst of drug addiction engage in a variety of self destructive behaviors. Although baffling to friends and family members such people generally either aren't aware on a conscious level that they have a drug addiction problem, or even when they know they have a problem they may cling to the false belief that the problem will somehow go away without any outside help. When an intervention is held a moment of clarity is created
for the addict. Most people struggling with the problem of drug or alcohol
addiction will accept help the very day of the intervention.
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There are many drug rehabilitation and alcohol treatment centers in Oklahoma which provide addiction treatment for adults and adolescents. One would consider that it would not be very difficult to locate a quality drug or alcohol rehab program, but this is generally not the case. There are many drug and alcohol treatment modalities available in Oklahoma, choosing the correct treatment option can be a daunting task. For example, some Oklahoma drug rehab programs may not offer a drug detox program. This can be an important issue for an addict that is experiencing uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms to discuss this aspect of a drug or alcohol treatment program with an intake counselor, as it can make a substantial difference in the effectiveness of an individual's alcohol or drug treatment program. Another important factor is, some alcohol and drug rehab centers in Oklahoma may specialize in treating specific populations such as drug and alcohol rehabs that specialize in the treatment of seniors or a Oklahoma drug treatment facility specializing in providing treatment for the DUI offenders etc.
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