



Parma, Ohio
Parma, OH Profile
Parma, OH, population 85,655 , is located
in Ohio's Cuyahoga county,
about 6.7 miles from Cleveland and 24.8 miles from Akron.
In the 90's the population of Parma has declined by about 3%.
It is Estimated in recent years the population of Parma has been declining at an annual rate of less than one percent.
Reports show that during 2003 property crime levels in the Parma area were lower than Ohio's average.
The same data shows violent crime levels to be lower than the Ohio average.
Parma Statistics
Parma Gender Information
Males in Parma: 40,846 (48%)
Females in Parma: 44,809 (52%)
As % of Population in Parma
Race Diversity in Parma
White: 96%
African American: 1%
Asian: 2%
Other/Mixed: 1%
As % of Population in Parma
Age Diversity in Parma
Median Age in Parma: 39.4 (Males in Parma: 37.7, Females in Parma: 41.1)
Parma Males Under 20: 12%
Parma Females Under 20: 12%
Parma Males 20 to 40: 13%
Parma Females 20 to 40: 13%
Parma Males 40 to 60: 12%
Parma Females 40 to 60: 13%
Parma Males Over 60: 10%
Parma Females Over 60: 14%
Economics in Parma
Parma Household Average Size: 2.4 people
Parma Median Household Income: $ 43,920
Parma Median Value of Homes: $ 113,500
Law Enforcement in Parma
Reported crimes in the Parma area during 2003:
Murder and non-negligent man-slaughter: 0
Forcible rape: 15
Robbery: 50
Aggravated assault: 65
Violent crime events per 100,000 people: 154
Burglary: 340
Larceny-theft: 920
Motor vehicle theft: 130
Arson: 10
Property crime events per 100,000 people: 1,642
Parma Location Information
Elevation: 880 feet above sea level.
Land Area: 20.0 Square Miles.
Nearby Towns & Cities to Parma
Parma Heights"> Parma Heights 2.2 Miles
Brooklyn Heights 2.3 Miles
Brooklyn 2.5 Miles
Seven Hills 2.5 Miles
Linndale 3.7 Miles
Cuyahoga Heights 4.0 Miles
Brook Park 4.3 Miles
Newburgh Heights 4.4 Miles
Independence 5.1 Miles
Middleburg Heights 5.5 Miles
Big Cities Nearest Parma
(Population 100,000+)
Cleveland 6.7 Miles
Akron 24.8 Miles
Detroit 93.5 Miles
Toledo 96.5 Miles
Erie 98.2 Miles
Warren 100.1 Miles
Sterling Heights 105.5 Miles
Livonia 107.2 Miles
Pittsburgh 112.2 Miles
Ann Arbor 119.4 Miles
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Facts
The Controlled Drugs and Substances Act came into effect May 14, 1997, replacing the Narcotic Control Act and Part III and IV of the Food and Drugs Act. An important part of the scheme involves schedules to the Act: Schedule I includes the most dangerous drugs and narcotics, such as heroin and cocaine; Schedule II lists cannabis and its derivatives; and Schedule III includes many of the more dangerous drugs, such as amphetamines. Suicides are not random; each occurs in a particular context. The association between specific psychiatric syndromes—such as DEPRESSION or abuse of alcohol or drugs—and suicidal behavior has been studied by epidemiologists using both retrospective and prospective methods. Since interviews with suicide completers are impossible, retrospective reviews of the circumstances predating suicides have been conducted. By using interviews of relatives and others familiar with the suicide victim, together with study of medical records, suicide notes, and coroner reports, each suicide case is subjected to a "psychologic autopsy." Factors that distinguish successful suicide cases from suicide attempters and substance abusers who have never attempted suicide are compared in the hope that differences in these factors may identify those at particular risk of attempted or completed suicide. A limitation of retrospective studies is termed recall bias: informants may provide information about the suicide victim that is distorted by their attempt to explain the suicide event. Although written records and use of standardized methods to collect diagnostic information can reduce this bias, prospective studies are more reliable. Prospective studies in the general population are not feasible, because suicide is rare, occurring in only about 1 in 10,000 annually; however, about 10 percent of suicide attempters, 15 percent of depressed people, and 3 percent of alcoholics eventually commit suicide. By prospective study of such high-risk groups, additional risk factors can be identified during a follow-up period. Whether you are trying to get off drugs yourself, or helping a friend do so, it's a hard process. There are various methods of getting clean, but it's important that the addict has support, since it is very difficult to do this alone. There are many ways for a friend to show support. Just being there can help, but it isn't the only way to help someone who needs to get clean and quit drugs. Sometimes, tough love is necessary, which is why interventions are so useful. Taking ecstasy can produce several unpleasant effects. Users have reported nausea, jaw clenching and teeth grinding, increased muscle tension, and blurred vision, as well as panic attacks. Ecstasy also increases blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature. Some users describe a type of hangover the day after taking ecstasy, involving headache, inability to sleep, fatigue, drowsiness, sore jaw muscles, and loss of balance. |
Addiction
Addiction is one of the many consequences of so-called 'casual' drug and alcohol abuse. A loss of control over drugs and alcohol can be driven by physical or psychological factors, or sometimes both. Physical addiction takes place when the body comes to need a drug to function normally. If it is not taken, unpleasant withdrawal symptoms occur. The only way to avoid this is to take more of the drug. Psychological addiction takes place when an individual comes to rely on a drug to supply good feelings, such as relaxation, self-confidence, self esteem, and freedom from anxiety. This is not just a casual desire, it's a powerful compulsion.
Dependence
Dependence is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences which can be severe; drug dependence is simply excessive use of a drug or use of a drug for purposes for which it was not medically intended. Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that don't cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (cocaine withdrawal, for example, it does not have symptoms like vomiting and chills; it is mainly characterized by depression).
Abstinence
Abstinence is the act or practice of refraining from indulging a desire. The type of abstinence we are referring to here is abstinence from drugs and alcohol. This term has two connotations when it comes to abstaining from drugs. The first refers to drug or alcohol treatment programs that aim to help an individual stop using drugs or alcohol for the rest of their lives. The time abstinence is also used in drug education and prevention. It refers to trying to stop children from ever using drugs.
Addict
An addict is an individual who has a compulsive urge to use drugs, to the point where they feel they have no effective choice but to continue use. An addict will continue their self destructive behaviors in order to feel good or to avoid
feeling bad. It can dominate their mind, and keep them coming back for more. The addiction can be
different for each addict, depending on their vice and the kind of person they
are.
Drug Abuse
Drug abuse is defined as the chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Drug abuse is a problem which has an effect on people of all income levels,
ages, and stations in life. Quite often the last person to see that there is a
problem is the drug abuser them self. Every year, more and more people become
drug addicts in their pursuit to get "high".
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