




Cleveland, Ohio
Cleveland, OH Profile
Cleveland, OH, population 478,403 , is located
in Ohio's Cuyahoga county,
about 30.3 miles from Akron and 90.2 miles from Detroit.
In the 90's the population of Cleveland has declined by about 5%.
It is Estimated in recent years the population of Cleveland has been declining at an annual rate of 1.1 percent.
Reports show that during 2003 property crime levels in the Cleveland area were higher than Ohio's average.
The same data shows violent crime levels to be higher than the Ohio average.
Cleveland Statistics
Cleveland Gender Information
Males in Cleveland: 226,550 (47%)
Females in Cleveland: 251,853 (53%)
As % of Population in Cleveland
Race Diversity in Cleveland
White: 41%
African American: 51%
Asian: 1%
Other/Mixed: 7%
As % of Population in Cleveland
Age Diversity in Cleveland
Median Age in Cleveland: 33.0 (Males in Cleveland: 31.6, Females in Cleveland: 34.3)
Cleveland Males Under 20: 16%
Cleveland Females Under 20: 15%
Cleveland Males 20 to 40: 14%
Cleveland Females 20 to 40: 15%
Cleveland Males 40 to 60: 11%
Cleveland Females 40 to 60: 12%
Cleveland Males Over 60: 6%
Cleveland Females Over 60: 10%
Economics in Cleveland
Cleveland Household Average Size: 2.44 people
Cleveland Median Household Income: $ 25,928
Cleveland Median Value of Homes: $ 71,100
Law Enforcement in Cleveland
Reported crimes in the Cleveland area during 2003:
Murder and non-negligent man-slaughter: 73
Forcible rape: 646
Robbery: 3,167
Aggravated assault: 2,314
Violent crime events per 100,000 people: 1,324
Burglary: 8,048
Larceny-theft: 12,832
Motor vehicle theft: 5,198
Arson: 461
Property crime events per 100,000 people: 5,567
Cleveland Location Information
Elevation: 690 feet above sea level.
Land Area: 77.0 Square Miles.
Water Area: 5.1 Square Miles.
Nearby Towns & Cities to Cleveland
Newburgh Heights 3.8 Miles
Brooklyn 4.6 Miles
Bratenahl 4.7 Miles
Cuyahoga Heights 4.9 Miles
Brooklyn Heights 5.1 Miles
Linndale 5.2 Miles
Lakewood 5.5 Miles
Cleveland">East Cleveland 6.5 Miles
Parma 6.7 Miles
Seven Hills 7.3 Miles
Big Cities Nearest Cleveland
(Population 100,000+)
Akron 30.3 Miles
Detroit 90.2 Miles
Erie 93.7 Miles
Warren 96.3 Miles
Toledo 96.9 Miles
Sterling Heights 101.4 Miles
Livonia 104.3 Miles
Pittsburgh 115.1 Miles
Ann Arbor 117.4 Miles
Columbus 126.4 Miles
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Facts
Narcotics are the oldest as well as the strongest analgesics , or pain-relieving drugs, known to humans. Ancient Sumerian and Egyptian medical texts dated as early as 4000 B.C. mention the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum ) as the source of a milky fluid (opium latex) that could be given to relieve coughs and insomnia as well as ease pain. Traditional Chinese medicine recommended the opium poppy, known to Chinese physicians as ying su ke, for the treatment of asthma , severe diarrhea , and dysentery as well as chronic pain and insomnia. Opium latex contains between 10 and 20 percent morphine, which in its purified form is a white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Narcotics are central nervous system depressants that produce a stuporous state in the person who takes them. These drugs often induce a state of euphoria or feeling of extreme well-being, and they are powerfully addictive. The body quickly builds a tolerance to narcotics in as little as two to three days, so that greater doses are required to achieve the same effect. Because of the addictive qualities of these drugs, most countries in the twenty-first century have strict laws regarding the production and distribution of narcotics. These laws became necessary when opium addiction in the nineteenth century became a widespread social problem in the developed countries. Opium, which was the first of the opioids to be widely used, had been a common folk remedy for centuries that often led to addiction for the user; in fact, many popular Victorian patent medicines for "female complaints" actually contained opium. The invention of the hypodermic needle in the mid-nineteenth century, however, increased the number of addicts because it allowed opioids to be delivered directly into the bloodstream, thereby dramatically increasing their effect. In the United States, the public cost of alcohol-induced traffic incidents is estimated to be around $114.3 billion. This includes $51.1 billion in monetary costs and roughly $62.3 billion in life losses. The driver is not the only one financially affected in these situations; people other than the drunk driver pay around $71.6 billion for alcohol-related crashes. There are many factors related to drunk driving that people do not realize at the time of conviction. Some drunk driving-related fees include court costs, attorney fees, bail fees, driving under the influence education programs, and car towing or impounding. The aforementioned mandatory drunk driving education program can cost between $1,500 and $2,500. Ketamine has a wide range of effects in humans, including analgesia, anesthesia, hallucinations, elevated blood pressure, and bronchodilation. Ketamine is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, usually in combination with some sedative drug. Other uses include sedation in intensive care, analgesia (particularly in emergency medicine), and treatment of bronchospasm. It is also a popular anesthetic in veterinary medicine. Effects differ with different modes of cocaine use. When injected or smoked, cocaine produces hyperstimulation, alertness, euphoria, and feelings of competence and power. The excitation and high of cocaine are similar to those produced by injecting amphetamine. These feelings are less intense and disruptive in users who snort cocaine powder. |
Therapeutic Community
An effective therapeutic community attends to the many needs of the individual, not just his or her drug use. Care given at a therapeutic community addresses the individual's drug use and associated medical, psychological, social, vocational, and legal problems. Also, a therapeutic community will continue to be flexible and provide ongoing assessments of the individual's needs, which may change during the course of care.
Remaining in care at a therapeutic community for an adequate period of time is critical for treatment effectiveness. The time depends on an individual's needs. For most people, the significant improvement is reached at about 3 months in treatment.
Drug Side Effects
Drug addiction and abuse comes with a heavy price. There are drastic drug side effects associated with drug misuse and abuse. Drug side effects from legal and illegal drugs can range from mild itching to comas and death. In addition to the physical drug side effects mentioned, there are many psychological drug side effects of drug abuse; the most serious being drug addiction and overdose.
Drug Abuse
Drug abuse is defined as the chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Drug abuse is a problem which has an effect on people of all income levels,
ages, and stations in life. Quite often the last person to see that there is a
problem is the drug abuser them self. Every year, more and more people become
drug addicts in their pursuit to get "high".
Relapse
Relapse is a term used to describe when an individual who has quit using drugs starts using once again. A relapse can mean just a one time use, a long term continues period of using or anything in between after a period of sobriety has taken place. An individual begins to experience a psychological relapse long before their first use after
quitting. Some things that can lead to relapse both physically or psychologically include: 1. Being in the presence of drugs or alcohol, drug or alcohol users, or places where you used or bought chemicals. 2. Feelings we perceive as negative, particularly anger; also sadness, loneliness, guilt, fear, and anxiety. 3. Positive feelings that make you want to celebrate by using. 4. Listening to others past drug use stories and just dwelling on getting high. 5. Believing that you no longer have to worry (complacent). That is, that you are no longer stimulated to crave drugs/alcohol by any of the above situations or by anything else – and therefore maybe it’s safe for you to use occasionally.
Alcoholism
Alcoholism, also known as "alcohol dependence," is a condition that includes craving and continued alcohol abuse despite repeated drinking-related problems, such as losing a job or getting into trouble with the law. It includes four major areas: Craving: - A strong need, or compulsion, to drink. Impaired control: -The inability to limit one's drinking on any given occasion. Physical dependence: -Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety, when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heavy drinking. Tolerance: - The need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to feel its effects.
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