




Facts
Unlike heroin, cocaine, or Ecstasy, it is produced here within our borders. We can’t blame other countries for this problem. MDMA was developed in Germany in 1912 and patented in 1914 by the German pharmaceutical company Merck. It does not appear to have been specifically created for any particular use, but rather, resulted from another drug development procedure. There is practically no historical mention of the drug again until the 1950s, when the United States army experimented with it as an agent of psychological warfare. As a result of therapeutic drug experiments in the late 1960s and early 1970s, people began to use MDMA recreationally because they liked the feelings of well being and openness it produced, and by psychotherapists who gave the drug to their patients to enhance therapy as a "penicillin for the soul." Presumably it was around this time MDMA picked up the name ecstasy, which comes from the Greek ekstasis meaning "flight of soul from body." Ecstasy production and use was not regulated in any way until 1985, when concerns about widespread use prompted the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to initiate medical reviews of the drug. The drug was given Schedule I status, meaning it has no accepted medical utility. Its use is now illegal in the United States. Neither of these two approaches has won the war on cocaine, however. Although use of cocaine in powder form has declined since 1985, crack use has increased. Both drugs, moreover, remain a major health and social problem and both continue to thrive on the streets of America regardless of the billions of dollars annually spent trying to stamp them out. Family History and Ethnicity. The risk for alcoholism in sons of alcoholic fathers is 25%. The familial link is weaker for women, but genetic factors contribute to this disease in both genders. In one study, women with alcoholism tended to have parents who drank. Women who came from families with a history of emotional disorders, rejecting parents, or early family disruption had no higher risk for drinking than women without such backgrounds. A stable family and psychological health were not protective in people with a genetic risk. Unfortunately, there is no way to predict which members of alcoholic families are most at risk for alcoholism. |
Tolerance
Tolerance to a drug takes place when an individual is exposed to the same drug repeatedly and begins to build up an resistance to the drugs effects. The body then adapts and develops a tolerance for the drug. The addiction that is produced is so powerful that it creates cravings in the user. These cravings for the drug are the result of its impact on the individual's memory with feelings of pleasantness and euphoria which the individual has come to associate with the taking of the drug.
Detox
Detox is necessary when an individual through their chronic use of drugs or alcohol has developed an addiction. The objective of detox is to help the individual achieve a drug and alcohol free state. Detox is intended to relieve the physical symptoms of withdrawal and helps prepare the individual for entry into drug rehabilitation. Therefore, the ultimate goal of detox is preparation for long term recovery from drug and alcohol addiction.
Intervention
An intervention is when a group of loved ones and/or a trained intervention counselor meets with the person in need of help for the purpose of breaking down their denial and motivating them to immediately seek drug addiction treatment. Often, individuals in the midst of drug addiction engage in a variety of self destructive behaviors. Although baffling to friends and family members such people generally either aren't aware on a conscious level that they have a drug addiction problem, or even when they know they have a problem they may cling to the false belief that the problem will somehow go away without any outside help. When an intervention is held a moment of clarity is created
for the addict. Most people struggling with the problem of drug or alcohol
addiction will accept help the very day of the intervention.
Addiction Treatment
Addiction treatment is needed when an individual finds that they have developed a drug or alcohol addiction which they are not able to successful end on their own. With the help of addiction treatment, addicted individual can get help to control their drug taking behavior and live happy and successful lives. There are several addiction treatment options available for drug and alcohol addiction. Some of these options include self-help groups, counseling, drug rehabilitation programs (in and out-patient), and residential treatment facilities. Each of these differ
in their aims and outcomes and elements of these addiction treatment options are often
combined.
Alcoholism
Alcoholism, also known as "alcohol dependence," is a condition that includes craving and continued alcohol abuse despite repeated drinking-related problems, such as losing a job or getting into trouble with the law. It includes four major areas: Craving: - A strong need, or compulsion, to drink. Impaired control: -The inability to limit one's drinking on any given occasion. Physical dependence: -Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety, when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heavy drinking. Tolerance: - The need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to feel its effects.
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