




Lexington-fayette, Kentucky
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Facts
Among all nonfatal injuries occurring in the home, an estimated 22 to 30 percent involve alcohol, with 10 percent of those injured having a BAL at the legally intoxicated level at the time of the accident. Coroner data suggest that alcohol consumption immediately before a fatal accident occurs more often in deaths from falls and fires than in motor vehicle deaths. Rohypnol has been used to help ease withdrawal symptoms from other drugs such as heroin. Withdrawal symptoms occur when the user gradually cuts back on the amount of a drug being taken until it can be discontinued entirely. Such symptoms include a variety of physical and psychological effects, depending on the drug. Cocaine users have taken Rohypnol to help come down after a drug-using binge. Specifically, Rohypnol has been known to help with the DEPRESSION that may occur after using STIMULANTS like cocaine. Some use it as a cure for a hangover, the uncomfortable feelings—such as the pounding headache, upset stomach, and trembling feelings—that often occur after a bout of heavy drinking. Criminals worldwide have used the power of Rohypnol in a variety of crimes. Both females and males have been victims of Rohypnol-assisted crimes. Rapists have used this sedative-hypnotic to incapacitate their victims so they can overpower them with ease. Thieves have also used Rohypnol to knock out people so they could steal money and credit cards from their wallets. While researchers still have a long way to go in understanding the complexity of brain function, we do know that illicit drug use produces psychological – if not physical – changes, impacting on a young person's developing brain, as brain development continues into the early 20's. Unfortunately, the average age for teens trying marijuana is 14. This means that many people who smoke pot do so before their brain development is settled, leaving room for chronic drug use to influence certain centers that control emotion and reason. The high levels of THC (the active component in marijuana) can influence the brain centers into feeling or thinking in a distorted way, which can present outwardly as depression or paranoia. Research also shows that marijuana use affects blood flow in the brain as well, which may be reflected in altered activity and function. The Matrix Institute on Addiction provides supervision for counselors delivering the Matrix Adolescent Intensive Treatment Program to reentry youth and their families. Counselors are diverse and have experience with African-American and Hispanic clients of the target group. Additionally, Spanish-speaking counselors who are bilingual and bicultural are integral members of the counselor staff. Four substance abuse counselors provide three months of substance abuse treatment via once-a-week individual sessions, once every two weeks family therapy, and family education twice a month. |
Residential Treatment
Residential treatment offers intensive drug addiction help over a period of weeks or months. This form of treatment has some advantages over out-patient treatment, although it may not be suitable for everyone. For example, those who are responsible for caring for young children may be better suited to attendance at an out patient treatment program. Residential treatment offers a safe, drug and alcohol-free environment where individuals can confront their own drug addiction and associated issues, with the help of qualified staff. Therapy usually consists of a mixture of group counseling, individual counseling and an introduction to the principles of a drug recovery program.
Drug Addiction
Drug addiction is a pattern of repeated drug taking that usually results in tolerance (the need for greater amounts of the drug to achieve the same effect), withdrawal (physical and cognitive effects when drug use declines or stops), and compulsive drug taking behavior (drug taking that persists despite efforts to reduce intake and despite problems with family, friends, and work). Drug addiction encompasses a diverse range of drugs (such as alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, and cocaine) and is caused by many different factors.
Relapse
Relapse is a term used to describe when an individual who has quit using drugs starts using once again. A relapse can mean just a one time use, a long term continues period of using or anything in between after a period of sobriety has taken place. An individual begins to experience a psychological relapse long before their first use after
quitting. Some things that can lead to relapse both physically or psychologically include: 1. Being in the presence of drugs or alcohol, drug or alcohol users, or places where you used or bought chemicals. 2. Feelings we perceive as negative, particularly anger; also sadness, loneliness, guilt, fear, and anxiety. 3. Positive feelings that make you want to celebrate by using. 4. Listening to others past drug use stories and just dwelling on getting high. 5. Believing that you no longer have to worry (complacent). That is, that you are no longer stimulated to crave drugs/alcohol by any of the above situations or by anything else – and therefore maybe it’s safe for you to use occasionally.
Tolerance
Tolerance to a drug takes place when an individual is exposed to the same drug repeatedly and begins to build up an resistance to the drugs effects. The body then adapts and develops a tolerance for the drug. The addiction that is produced is so powerful that it creates cravings in the user. These cravings for the drug are the result of its impact on the individual's memory with feelings of pleasantness and euphoria which the individual has come to associate with the taking of the drug.
Dependence
Dependence is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences which can be severe; drug dependence is simply excessive use of a drug or use of a drug for purposes for which it was not medically intended. Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that don't cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (cocaine withdrawal, for example, it does not have symptoms like vomiting and chills; it is mainly characterized by depression).
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